In Japan, auto major Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. has announced that it is currently researching and developing a Solid Oxide Fuel-Cell (SOFC) powered system that runs on bioethanol electric power. The new system— a world first for automotive use—features an e-Bio Fuel-Cell with an SOFC power generator. SOFC is a fuel cell utilizing the reaction of multiple fuels, including ethanol and natural gas, with oxygen to produce electricity with high efficiency.
According to Nissan, the e-Bio Fuel Cell generates electricity through the SOFC (power generator) using ethanol stored in the vehicle. The e-Bio Fuel-Cell utilizes hydrogen transformed from fuel via a reformer and atmospheric oxygen, with the subsequent electrochemical reaction producing electricity to power the vehicle.
Unlike conventional systems, e-Bio Fuel-Cell features SOFC as its power source, affording greater power efficiency to give the vehicle cruising ranges similar to gasoline-powered cars, over 600 km.
In addition, the e-Bio Fuel-Cell car’s distinct electric-drive features—including silent drive, linear start-up, and “brisk” acceleration—allow users to enjoy the “joys and comfort” of a pure electric vehicle (EV).
Fuel-cell systems use chemicals that react with oxygen, generating power without the release of harmful byproducts. Bioethanol fuels, including those sourced from sugarcane and corn, are widely available in countries in North and South America, and Asia.
Nissan says that the e-Bio Fuel-Cell, using bioethanol, can offer eco-friendly transportation and create opportunities in regional energy production, while supporting existing infrastructure. The carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted when power is generated in the fuel cell system is low carbon and part of the biogenic carbon cycle.
Furthermore, the company says that the e-Bio Fuel-Cell will become even more user-friendly. Ethanol-blended water is easier and safer to handle than most other fuels. As this will remove limits on creating a totally new infrastructure, it has great potential for market growth.
Running costs will be remarkably low—on par with today’s EVs, ultimately benefitting the public as well as businesses, because the e-Bio Fuel-Cell is an ideal fit for wider customer needs because of the short refueling time and ample power supply that can support a range of services such as refrigerated delivery.
