Spain-headed oil, gas, and multi-energy major, Repsol S.A. (Repsol), has recently presented its renewable hydrogen strategy, a roadmap for the company to become the market leader in the Iberian Peninsula and become the third-largest producer in Europe. The company's new Hydrogen Director, Tomás Malango, gave an overview of the projects and initiatives that the company will deploy throughout the renewable hydrogen value chain, with an investment of EUR 2.549 billion until 2030.
An error occurred
On your profile you can see what subscriptions you have access to and more information.
Is some of the information wrong – please contact our customer service.
Please reload the page
Do you want to read the whole article?
- Six editions per year
- Full access to all digital content
- The E-magazine Bioenergy international
- And more ...
According to the company, renewable hydrogen is one of the key pillars in its decarbonization strategy, and the company plans to use different technologies to reach a capacity of 552 MW equivalent in 2025 and 1.9 GW in 2030.
Repsol is currently the leading producer and consumer of hydrogen in Spain, using it as a raw material in its industrial processes, to manufacture a multitude of essential products for mobility, construction, healthcare, and agriculture, among others.
Firm commitment and technology leadership
Repsol is undergoing a transformation process, moving forward in the evolution of its industrial complexes into multi-energy hubs capable of manufacturing products with a low, zero, or even a negative carbon footprint thanks to the use of sustainable raw materials, such as different types of waste, as well as the application of more efficient and decarbonized processes.
To achieve this, Repsol says that it will “employ all available technologies and develop those that allow for an accelerated energy transition at the lowest possible cost.”
Repsol has already announced that it will install electrolyzer plants at its industrial complexes. On September 20, 2021, Repsol announced that it will install the first electrolyzer at its Petronor refinery in Bilbao.
With a capacity of 2.5 MW, the plant will enter into operation in the second half of 2022, and it will supply both the refinery and facilities at the Left Bank Technology Park, located in the nearby municipality of Abanto y Zierbena.
The company has also announced the installation of other electrolyzer plants in the vicinity of its industrial sites. Among the projects already announced are the 100 MW electrolyzers to be located at the Cartagena, Tarragona, and Petronor refineries.
The company will also build a 10 MW electrolyzer, together with Enagás and the regional Basque Energy Agency (EVE), to produce renewable hydrogen for the synthetic fuels plant to be installed in the Port of Bilbao.
Hydrogen from biomethane and solar-to-X
Additionally, the company is adapting its conventional hydrogen production infrastructures to obtain renewable hydrogen from biomethane, using different circular economy technologies, among others. In this way, it will be able to produce hydrogen from organic waste from different sources, such as urban solid waste, biomass, or by-products from the agricultural and livestock industries.
Repsol has recently carried out the first tests in this regard at its Cartagena refinery, where it has manufactured low carbon footprint fuels using renewable hydrogen.
Repsol has also been working on photo electro-catalysis technology for more than a decade. The main advantage of this technology over current solutions is that only water and sunlight are needed as raw materials to produce 100 percent renewable hydrogen.
In 2018, Repsol incorporated Enagás into the project with the aim of accelerating the development and the scaling up of the technology. Together, the companies are running a pilot plant that is already generating renewable hydrogen at the Repsol Technology Lab research center in the outskirts of Madrid.
The novel design allows the water molecule to be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen in a single step using only solar radiation, without the need to connect the devices to an electrical power source. This significantly reduces the costs of the process since it is not conditioned by the price of electricity, thus, increasing the competitiveness of the technology.
Our ambition is to bring this technology to a commercial scale before 2030, starting with the Puertollano demonstration plant that is scheduled for 2025. If successful, this technology will give Spain a leading technological position in the new hydrogen value chain, said Tomás Malango.
Present throughout the entire hydrogen value chain
Renewable hydrogen will be one of the main energy vectors for achieving the decarbonization of the economy mainly due to its versatility. As an integrated multi-energy company, Repsol will deploy projects throughout the renewable hydrogen value chain to take advantage of the synergies provided by its privileged situation.
Currently, 90 percent of all hydrogen produced is used in the industrial sector, as a raw material in refining and ammonia production as well as in the steel industry and the chemical industry, among others.
In the mobility sector, hydrogen is one of the main components in fuel production. It is used to eliminate sulfur in traditional fuels, but it is also essential in the production of liquid fuels with a low carbon footprint, such as biofuels and synthetic fuels.
Repsol believes that internal combustion engines (ICEs) will continue to be part of mobility solutions thanks to the development of liquid fuels with a low carbon footprint.
From 2030 onwards, hydrogen could be an alternative for heavy transport while, for light vehicles, electrification can become a competitive opportunity as hydrogen fuel cell technologies develop.
The company aims to install at least 12 hydrogen refueling stations by 2025, to provide a complete offering of sustainable energy solutions for mobility, giving the company competitive advantages and a unique value proposition for its customers.
According to Tomás Malango, “the combination of advanced biofuels, synthetic fuels, and renewable hydrogen is the most competitive technological option to overcome the challenges of decarbonization in sectors where electrification is currently not viable”.
Energy storage and synfuels
On the other hand, the production of liquid fuels with a low carbon footprint, especially synthetic fuels, is also a way to store energy for later use or transport in a simple and efficient way.
This conversion takes full advantage of renewable energy production to store the surplus that is produced when supply exceeds demand. It is also an efficient way to export energy to new markets and boost a new hydrogen economy, promoting industry, and generating quality employment, investments, and wealth.
In Bilbao, Repsol together with Saudi Aramco, will build one of the world’s largest synthetic fuel plants, using renewable hydrogen and CO2 as the only raw materials. The plant will be commissioned in 2024 with a starting capacity of more than 2 100 tonnes per year.
In other mobility segments, such as rail transport, hydrogen will also play a leading role, as it is seen as a low-carbon solution, particularly for lines in the secondary network that have not yet been electrified.
Repsol has recently signed an agreement with train manufacturer Talgo S.A. to collaborate in the promotion of hydrogen trains in the Iberian Peninsula.
Spain has a “privileged position” in the renewable hydrogen economy
Repsol highlights that Spain is in a “privileged position” compared to other countries when it comes to capturing the opportunities offered by the new renewable hydrogen economy. The country has a great abundance of solar and wind resources, and its industry has the capacity to adapt to a new economy centered around the hydrogen value chain.
By leveraging its strengths, Repsol is spearheading major regional initiatives to promote the creation of hydrogen clusters. The aim is to match production capacity to the needs of the surrounding industry, including that which will be newly created, in addition to diversifying the uses of renewable hydrogen so that the ecosystem becomes as efficient as possible, both in terms of production, transformation, and logistics costs.
In February 2021, Petronor and Repsol promoted the creation of the Basque Hydrogen Corridor (BH2C) to boost the economic recovery of the Basque Country and Spain, as a whole, by means of the hydrogen economy, while, at the same time, advancing in decarbonization and the promotion of strategic sectors such as energy, mobility, industry, and services.
The consortium has already brought together 80 companies, institutions, and research centers. They plan to mobilize EUR 1.431 billion through 2026 for the execution of 40 projects throughout the hydrogen value chain, with the aim of creating more than 1 300 jobs and positioning the region as an international player in renewable hydrogen.
Hydrogen Valley projects
On May 14, 2021, the constitution of the Hydrogen Valley of Catalonia was announced, promoted by Repsol and Enagás, and coordinated by the Universitat Rovira i Virgili. More than a hundred companies and organizations have already joined the initiative.
The company is also one of the driving forces in the Hydrogen Valley of the Region of Murcia and is a participant in the Hydrogen Cluster of Castilla-La Mancha. The latter will place its Puertollano Industrial Complex at the technological forefront with the installation of a renewable hydrogen production plant based on the photo-electro catalysis technology that Repsol is developing together with Enagás.
Moreover, Repsol and EDP have just signed an agreement to, as a first step, evaluate three joint investment opportunities in renewable hydrogen projects in different locations in the Iberian Peninsula. Repsol will lead the project located in the Basque Country region, which aims to install a large-scale electrolyzer, as part of the Basque Hydrogen Corridor initiative.
EDP will lead a project in Asturias, which aims to create a Hydrogen Valley in this Spanish region, as well as a project in Sines in Portugal. The latter aims to promote the production of renewable hydrogen by taking advantage of the synergies between Repsol’s operations at its industrial complex in Sines – as a potential user of renewable gas – and EDP’s role as an energy supplier.
According to Tomás Malango, “we conceptualize decarbonization not only as an environmental lever but also as a financial and a business-oriented one. The hydrogen valleys are clear business opportunities for Spain.”
Aligned with European and national targets
According to Repsol, its hydrogen strategy “is perfectly aligned” with the objectives set forth by both the European Union (EU) and the Spanish government.
The Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FC HJU), a public-private initiative that is a means for the European Commission (EC) to promote research and development of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in Europe, has set a 2050 target of 40 GW capacity and a sevenfold increase in its current presence in the energy mix to 13 percent.
The “Fit for 55” regulatory package proposed by the EU Commission also supports the deployment of renewable hydrogen with measures including the establishment of minimum quotas for use in 2030 – at least 50 percent in industry, 2.6 percent quota in renewable fuels of non-biological origin, and 0.7 percent in synthetic fuels for aviation – among others.
In Spain, the objectives outlined in the Hydrogen Roadmap, published by the Ministry for Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge in October 2020, aim for 4 GW of installed capacity by 2030. The Government will finance the development with EUR 1.55 billion from the Next Generation funds through 2024.
However, Repsol notes that although public incentives will increase the competitiveness of renewable hydrogen, the promotion of public-private collaborations, as well as a stable and favorable legal framework for the development of capital-intensive initiatives, will also be needed to implement large industrial projects throughout the hydrogen value chain.
